Universal drawing machine



D. TURNER AND R. C. GRIER.

UNIVERSAL DRAWING MACHINE.

AIPLICATIOII FILED MAR. 9 I92I.

D. TURNER AND R. C. GRIER.

UNIVERSAL DRAWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9, |92!- n., ,www V n. www W www @mi u [/f 5H WJ@ 2H a? Wm DR Aw Uf d2 m Lw um iiJNiTED STATES PATENT' orivv DOUGLAS TURNER AND ROBERT c. GRIER, oFYsT. LOUIS', MISSOURI.; 'l

` UNIVERSAL DRAWING MACHINE.

To all whom may concern.'

Be it known .that we, DOUGLAS TURNER and ROBERT C. GRIER, citizens of the United States, residing in the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri7 have invented new and useful Improvements in Universal Drawing Machines, of which the following is a specification. l

This invention relates to a universal drawing machine or instrument such as used by draftsmen in preparing drawings. The

general object of the invention is t'o produce an instrument of this type, which is very simple in construction and which can be used with facility. The instrument about to'be described is of the type which einv vbodies in its construction a slide which is movable along arblade such as the blade of The' invention concerns itself especially withy the construction of this slide and a special object of the invention .is tof construct the yslide in such a wayas toen- Y simple and efficient universal drawing ma-" able it to iro-operate with T-squai'e blades'of different thicknesses or widths. The inveiitionv also concerns the details of construction of the slide as regards the attachment of :i

i radial armcarrying a detachable ruling arm or scale to coeope'rate with a fixed protractor carried bythe scale. y v

Further'objects of the invention will an pear hereinafter. i

i The invention consists in the novel features7 and in the general combination of parts to be particularly described hereinaftenall offwhich contribute'` to produce a chine. A preferred lembodiment of our in vention will be particularly described in the Y' following specification, 'while the broad vvof th'e'blade; Y

the geometric centerof the Figure 4 is a view showing the slide and l Speeification orilmersrateni. Patgnad" Ap13250f19922, j '-Appiieaaon siedi/:arch a, 1921. serial N6. 450,991.1

its attached parts inend elevation but showfing the tion;

Figure 5 is a vertical 4section taken through an enlarged scale; f

Figure 6 is a plan. showing 'the inner end of a ruling arm andparticularly illustrating the features of its construction which .l

facilitate its being detachably secured t0 the center of the protractor; l' y i Y Figure' 7- is a. double view showing a Yfastening means or screw in plan and in side'elevation; this' screw may be employed for securing the ruling arm to the center` pin of the slide. l' c Y v Inthe drawing, 1- represents af-drawiiig blade 2 rests, and iis movable up and down.. This blademaybethe'bla'de of an ordinary vT-sq'uare,v but anyv otherV suitablemeans fin' aybe provided for eiiablingtheblade to'mainprotractor, upon protractor and blade in cross-secp y lboard of any suit-able ,type upon which tainitself parallel to a horizontalk line ion* .l

6 placed, at the corners of the board. In

athe board;r In the present instance we have illustrated the blade as being yconnected at 'each end Vto'anequaliZer cordS, the runs of `whichpass around guide pulleys 45.15,? and yorder to prevent the blade from shifting' l longitudinally and assist in guiding it-.on

the board, weprovide each end of the blade Q withwa small clamp 7 the side o-f whichl en-.

invention concerns the` construction of the slide 9. This-slide is constructed sov that it lgageslthe end edge 8 of the board. .Ourf

presents a channel 1() on itsunder side and this channel has a depth which is lslightly mounted upon. ln addition to this the slide is provided with'means for clamping the up- -greater than the greatest thickness of the l1! .blade 2.`that the slide isexpected to be per and lower edges. 'pThe slide preferably n comprises a translucent platell'of'celluloidiA or similar material ,which extends across the upper face of the blade adjacent Ethe upperv edge V12 ofthe blade,` and under the upper portion ofthe plate 11 a bracketV 13 offib'er or` similar material is bracket is provided with a longitudinally disposed groove 14 formed in a plane parallel with the plane in which thefv blade 2 lies. The plate 11 and the bracket 12 proattached. f yThis "f ject beyond the upper edge 12 of the bla'ideVj I 25 properly guided along the blade.

to carry a protractor 15 and a sweep-arm 16. The protiactor 15 has a degree scale 11 at its outer edge and has a central opening 18. The protractor also includes cross bar or chord-bar 19 which is received inthev groove 1li and secured therein in any suit able manner as by ineans of rivets 20. fue

bracket 13 presents a vertical iai-e 2l which operates as a straight edge to corne incontact with the upper edge 12 oiQ the blade z2.

In order to adjust the width ot the channel. 1() to the blade we provide an elongated shoe 22 havingv a vert-ical Alace or edge to engage the lower edge oit the blade and this shoe is provided with a clamping nut 25 mounted upon a threaded stern which extends up from the shoe 22 and 'passes through a slot 26 disposed in the part ot the upger'plate 11 which extends below `20 the lower edge of the blade, However, any

30 28 to be used by the draiftsnian for guiding his pencil in thesaine manner as a triangle.

ies. drawings are frequently inade onfdiiferent scales it is advisable to ha athis rulinn` detachable. For this reason we prefer tri-construct the inner end ci' the rulingv arni in such a way as to facilitate its being; detachabl'y secured to the `svieep-arni 16'. Ne also provide means torffrictionally clampingthe ruling arin so that it will stay 40 in any position in which. it left. ln order to accomplish this we preit'er to provide a center pin or stud 29 which is refeived loosely' in bushing- 30, and this bushing; is seated on the upper tace oi the plate il (see Fig. 4).' fllhe upper end ot the .center pin 29is formed into a threaded stein 3l of reduced sioulder 32 is formed just above the bushing. The lower portion ot the stud passes through. the plate lland through the upper or thin portion 3B oi the bracket or block 13. The sweep-arni 16 has an openingr at its inner end which receives a reduced-neck formed on the lower portion of the. stud; in this way an annulai1 shoulder 35 is' ioi'n'icd v21.,.Kev'ai'nst A. which the sweep-arm I seats.' The sweep-arm andthe ruling` arni 9,7 'havecovopeiatinginterlocking); means to enable-the arm to be secured tothe sweep, and means @lbfis'jprovided for attaching` the inner vend of the rulingy ai'in i7 to the Ylower end of the center pin' orstud 29;V For this purpose the underside ot the sweep-arm 16 is provided with a dowel 36 and the arm Q7 (leY is'rprovided with an opening` 37 to receive diameter so that Aan annular the dowel. l The ruling arni is also provided Vith a `rentral opening- 38 through which passes the threaded stein ot a small screw which is screwed into the lower end or" the center pin. This screw may be providedA with a flat head 10 havingv spanner notches 441 in its edge and this head is lcounteisunk into a recess l2 in the under iiaf'e'ot the ruling arin 27. lt should be understood that the diaineter or" the threaded stein lits neatly into the opening 38 so that this screw and the dowel Bo'aecurately deterniine'tlie position of the ruling arm. in order to friotionally and yieldingly clanip the parts together we lprovide a spring washer i3 which is disposed under the lower tace oita knob la whichscrews onto the stein 31. The lower tace oi this knob is jammed tight against the shoulder 3:2 so that the sweep-arm `16 and the ruling arni 27 carried thereby are iiiietionally held between the head 40 and the bushing 30. l he ruling arni 2T provided with vernici' lines l5 adjacent to the edge Vof the protractor and the line lo which carries an arrow and co-operates with the lines of the 1 protraftor scale 17 to indicate the relation oi the ruling` edge 28 with respectto hori` -zontal and vertical lines on vthe 'face of the board. In. the position shown, this ruling arin is in `the 800 position, that is-to 'say,f

the edge 28 iorins an angle of 30o with. the

edge 12. We provide ineens for indicating.;A

when thcfruliug arin is in any one otffthe positions' in whichl it is usually left, for

example, 300. @i592 60C and 90"; For this.

pi'iipose we proif'ide the inner edged? of the protractor with .ineans to co-operate with other means on the sweep-arm 16. `In the present instance we'provide al plurality ot notches 48 on the edge'l?, any individual ot which may (3o-operate with ra sniall leaf springe' e9 wnich isn'iounted'y in a pin 50 on the upper side of the sweep-arm.

llfitli a universal driuving;L inachine Vor' instrument having the features of this invention it will be evident that ruling arins such asthe ruling arm 27 ol different scales niay be readily substituted for each other, and in using the-instrument the ruling; arin may be read-ily held in any desired' position forming an angle with the blade. The ruling arm may be inoved on its axis by taking hold oi?A the ruling' ai'in near its outer end or if desired it uiay be rotated by seizing the knob'll;V

.l drawing` instrumentV having these features evidently may be-eonstructed at a very low costand evidently also can be used with great facility by a draftsnian in working' drawings to scale.

1t is understood that the embodiment otkv inaking moved -land automatically L,

the practice of our invention nor in our claims, to the particular embodiment set forth.

`What we claim is Y l. In a universal drawing machine, the combination of a drawing board, a transverse blade resting on the board and movable up and down upon the board, means associated with the blade for maintaining the same parallel to a horizontal line drawn on the board, a slide resting upon the board and movable along the blade, said slide having a channel on its under side of greater depth than the thickness of the blade and receiving the blade, means for clamping the slide against the upper and lower edges of the blade, a protractor fixed to the slide, having a scale, a sweep-arm having a pivotal aXis at the geometric center of the protractor and a ruling arm detachably secured to said sweep-arm, extending substantially radially from the center of the protractor and projecting across the board beyond the protractor.

2. In a. universal drawing machine, the combination of a drawing board, a transverse blade resting on the board and movable up and down upon the board, means associated with the blade for maintaining the same Aparallel to a horizontal line drawn upon the board, a slide resting upon the board, movable along,the.blade, and having a channelon its under side receiving the'V blade, means Jfor clamping the slide against the edges of the blade, 'a protractor fixed to the slide in a position to extend over the board beyond the upper edge of the blade, a sweep-arm pivotally mounted onV the geometi'ical center of the protractor, means for frictionally clamping said sweep-arm to enable the same to maintain itself in anyposition in which it is left, and a ruling arm detachably secured to the under-tace of the sWeep-arm,lying on the facey of the board and projecting beyond the protractor.

3. A universal drawing machine constructed as set forth in claim 2, in combination with a knob Von the pivotal axis at the geometric center of the protractor by means of which the ruling arm may be swung around the axis.

4. A universal drawing machine constructed as set forth in claim 2, in combination with co-operating means respectively on the arm and the protractor, for indicating when the ruling .arm is disposed at a predetermined angle. u 5. In a universal drawingmachine, the combination of a drawing board, a transthe same parallel to a horizontal line drawn upon the board, a slide restingV upon the t board, movable along the blade, and having a channel onits under side receiving the blade, means for clamping the slide against the edge of the blade, a protractor ixed lto lmeans for irictionally. clamping the arm to enable the` arm to maintain'itself in any poe sition in which it is lett, a ruling 'scale detachably secured to the arm, extending substantially radially from the center 'of the protractor, lying on the ii'ace of the board under the protract-or, the-edge of the opening in the protractor having notches therein, and means carried by the arm `to engage said notches individually. f

6. In a yuniversal drawing'machine, the n combination of.v a drawing board, a transverse blade resting on the board-and movable up and downupon the board, means associated' with the blade for maintaining the same Y parallel to a horizontalrline'drawn uponthe board, a .slideresting upon the board, movable along the'blade,"and having a channel on its under side receiving-the blade, means Vorclamping the slide` against the edges of the blade,' said slide having a longitudinal groove in the upper edge,v thereof, aprotractorfhaving its lower ed'gefreceived'in` said groove and secured therein, i a ruling l arm pivotallymounted on the' geometrical axis of the protractor, lying upon the facef'j'- 1 l.' v

of the board beyond the protractor, and carrying a Scale, and means for frictionally clamping the ruling arm to enable the same to maintainV itself in any position in which, it is left.

, 7. In av universal drawing machine, the combination .of a drawing board, a' transverse blade resting on the boardand lmovable up and down upon the board, means associated with the blade for maintaining the same parallel to a horizontal line drawn a channel on its under side receiving the blade, means for clamping the slide against l' the edges of the blade, a protractorfixed tothe slide in a position to extend over the 110 Vupon the board, a-slide resting uponthe board, movable along the blade, and having board beyond the upper edge of the blade,

a center pin mounted in ythe slide on the geometrical axis of the protractor, a sweeparm on the pin having a dowel on its under side, a lscale arm resting upon the face ofV the board having an opening receiving the dowel and having an openingto receivevthe lower end of said center pin,4andl means for securing the lsaid ruling arm tothe center m. y .n

In testimony whereof, wehavel hereunto set our' hands. i .Y

DOUGLAS TURNER.

ROBERT C. GRIER, 

